Storage Tanks for General Water Supply Purpose

Storage Tanks for General Water Supply Purpose

Storage tanks are important components of a water supply system. They are used to store water for domestic, commercial, and industrial purposes. These tanks ensure that an adequate amount of water is available whenever it is required. In many buildings, water is supplied at certain times or at limited pressure, so storage tanks help maintain a continuous supply of water for daily use.

In plumbing systems, storage tanks are commonly installed in residential buildings, schools, hospitals, factories, and public institutions. They help store water collected from municipal supply, bore wells, or other water sources. The stored water can then be distributed throughout the building through pipelines.

Purpose of Storage Tanks

The main purpose of storage tanks in a water supply system is to store water and supply it whenever required. They also help maintain proper water pressure and ensure availability during times of shortage.

• To store water for domestic and commercial use.
• To maintain a continuous water supply in buildings.
• To provide water during supply interruptions.
• To maintain pressure in the water distribution system.
• To store reserve water for emergencies such as fire fighting.

Types of Storage Tanks

Storage tanks used in plumbing systems are generally classified based on their location and construction material.

1. Underground Storage Tanks

Underground tanks are constructed below ground level. They store water received from the main water supply or bore well. Water from these tanks is usually pumped to overhead tanks for distribution throughout the building.

2. Overhead Storage Tanks

Overhead tanks are installed at the top of buildings or on elevated structures. Water stored in these tanks flows through pipelines to different fixtures by gravity. These tanks help maintain sufficient water pressure in the distribution system.

3. Ground-Level Storage Tanks

Ground-level tanks are installed above the ground surface. They are commonly used in houses and small buildings where underground construction is not possible.

Materials Used for Storage Tanks

Storage tanks are made from various materials depending on their size, purpose, and cost. The commonly used materials include:

• Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC)
• Plastic (PVC or polyethylene)
• Steel tanks
• Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP)
• Galvanized iron (GI)

Plastic tanks are widely used in modern buildings because they are lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to install. RCC tanks are commonly used for large storage capacities.

Components of a Storage Tank

A storage tank includes several important components that ensure proper operation and maintenance.

• Inlet Pipe: Allows water to enter the tank.
• Outlet Pipe: Supplies water from the tank to the distribution system.
• Overflow Pipe: Prevents overflow by allowing excess water to escape.
• Drain Pipe: Used for cleaning and emptying the tank.
• Manhole Cover: Provides access for inspection and maintenance.
• Vent Pipe: Allows air to enter and exit the tank.

These components help maintain safe and efficient storage of water.

Installation of Storage Tanks

Proper installation of storage tanks is important for the efficient functioning of the water supply system. The location and support structure must be strong enough to hold the weight of the tank when filled with water.

Some important points to consider during installation include:

• The base should be strong and level.
• The tank should be placed at a suitable height for proper water pressure.
• All pipe connections must be properly sealed.
• The overflow pipe should be connected to a safe drainage point.
• The tank should be protected from contamination and direct sunlight.

Maintenance of Storage Tanks

Regular maintenance of storage tanks is necessary to ensure clean and safe water supply. Over time, dust, algae, and sediments may accumulate inside the tank. This can affect water quality.

To maintain hygiene and proper functioning, tanks should be inspected and cleaned periodically. The inlet and outlet pipes should also be checked for leakage or blockage.

• Clean the tank at regular intervals.
• Inspect the tank for cracks or leakage.
• Ensure that the tank cover is properly closed.
• Check pipe connections regularly.

Advantages of Storage Tanks

• Provides continuous water supply.
• Stores reserve water for emergencies.
• Maintains proper pressure in pipelines.
• Helps manage irregular water supply.
• Supports efficient distribution of water in buildings.

Conclusion

Storage tanks are an essential part of a building's water supply system. They store water and ensure that sufficient water is available whenever needed. By selecting suitable materials, installing tanks properly, and performing regular maintenance, plumbers can ensure a safe and reliable water supply for domestic and commercial use. Proper use of storage tanks improves water management and supports the efficient operation of plumbing systems.